PEMANFAATAN NITRAT (NO3-) SEBAGAI SUPLEMEN PAKAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA: STUDI META ANALISIS IN VITRO
Utilization of Nitrat (NO3-) as a Feed Supplement in Ruminant Nutrition: A Meta-Analysis Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37090/jwputb.v9i2.2106Abstract
Kebutuhan akan pakan sumber protein bagi ternak ruminansia semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya produktivitas ternak. Kondisi tersebut menjadi suatu tantangan bagi peternak ruminansia mengingat terbatasnya ketersediaan pakan sumber protein dengan harga yang terjangkau. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menyediakan pakan sumber protein alternatif yang didapatkan dari Nitrogen Non-Protein (NPN). Nitrat (NO3-) merupakan salah satu NPN yang berpotensi untuk menyediakan sumber amonia yang penting bagi sintesis protein mikroba di dalam rumen. Akan tetapi, pengaruh konsentrasi nitrat terhadap fermentasi rumen masih belum dapat disimpulkan secara pasti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh nitrat terhadap karakteristik fermentasi rumen dan kecernaan nutrien in vitro dengan pendekatan meta analisis. Sebanyak 38 publikasi yang mencakup 99 studi in vitro dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini menjadi suatu database dan dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan model campuran, di mana percobaan yang berbeda dianggap sebagai efek acak dan faktor terkait nitrat dianggap sebagai efek tetap. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi nitrat secara signifikan (P <0,05) meningkatkan NH3-N, menurunkan kecernaan protein kasar (KcPK) dan TVFA/gram BK, serta cenderung berpengaruh signifikan (P = 0,09) menurunkan kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penambahan nitrat dalam pakan ternak ruminansia dapat memodulasi karakteristik fermentasi rumen dan kecernaan nutrien.
Kata kunci: Karakteristik fermentasi rumen, kecernaan nutrien, nitrat, produksi gas metan, produksi gas total.
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